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Question: Discuss about theResearch for Development and Growth. Answer: Introduction In recent times, cloud based accounting information system utilizes by the many companies to use the cloud or information technology to manage, record and store accounting data. In the past two decades, development and growth of the cloud based accounting and their benefits are encouraging the companies to apply this to record, manage, maintain, and store accounting data. A Computerworld study has expressed that approx 42% of IT companies currently uses the cloud accounting software in 2015. It also mentioned that around 60% of corporation will have used cloud based accounting information system to record their daily accounting information and financial transactions in 2018 in all over the world. There are several benefits of the utilization of the cloud based accounting information system, so that firms use or prefer it in the place of traditional accounting system. Cloud based accounting main benefits are cost efficient, real-time information updating, user friendly, quick processi ng, automatic data back up and restoration, secure, and 24/7 accessibility for worldwide users to all accounting information that attracted the corporations to apply it in the business (Ionescu, Ionescu, Tudoran Bendovschi, 2013). The security related risks such as hacking, data thief, data misuse, cyber attacks and cyber crime are also created threats for the companies those use cloud based accounting software. This accounting based research will be targeted the Australia business environment through investigates Australian companies those apply cloud based accounting system to maintain, record and store accounting or financial data. This research will be beneficial for the Australian companies through indicates the ways of remove threats and explains support or opportunities related to cloud based technology. Project Proposal The project is related to accounting subject/field that contents various elements these are described in the below: Project Context The accounting is the targeted filed of this research that title is to Development In Cloud-Based Accounting: Threat or a Support. Aim and Objectives The main aim of this research is to analyse the development of cloud based accounting is created threats otherwise support or beneficial for the firms. The objective of this project is; To determine the pros and cons of advancement in the technologies. If there would be less opportunities for accounting professional due to highly advanced online technologies or would a professional judgement still be necessary despite all the technological advancement. To find out if the number of small business depending upon cloud based accounting has increased or decreased in number over the past ten years. Research Questions The accounting business field research will be conducted through considered these following research questions: Which kinds of the opportunities, supports and benefits related to application or utilization of the cloud based accounting system for the Australian companies? Is could based accounting system generated threats and issues for the Australian companies? Is the development and growth of cloud based accounting technology generate threats or a support for the Australian companies? Literature Review A lot of research already done in cloud based accounting, but nobody identified their threats for the companies or businesses. According to Christauskas Miseviciene (2012), the cloud based accounting is maintaining, recording and storing all financial transactions and accounting information of the corporation. Cloud-based accounting system uses the cloud to store accounting data that provide opportunity of owners, partners, employees, clients and users to assess financial information at any place and any time that the Internet is available (Christauskas Miseviciene, 2012). Cloud-based accounting platform is supporting the firms through provide several advantages or benefits such as real-time accounting information updating, quick processing, user friendly, secure safe system, cost efficiency, 24/7 accessibility for global users, automatic data back up and restoration, and others. Hashizume, Rosado, Fernndez-Medina Fernande (2013) argued that cloud-based accounting system is not a substitute of accountants as there are various examples that indicate need of accountants even with the cloud based platform in a firm. An accountant is played major role in maintain the cloud-based accounting system of check and balances. Cloud-based accounting platform raises threats or issues associated with security of accounting data or financial information; due to several financial frauds related cases happened in the business world in the worldwide in the past few years related to hacking, cyber attack, cyber crime, and misuse of business confidential information. The suspicious associated with security of business confidential accounting or financial information is the main threat for the firms related to cloud-based accounting (Hashizume, Rosado, Fernndez-Medina Fernandez, 2013). The small firms faced challenges or issues in manage security risks and prevent the accountin g related information from hackers, theft and cyber fraud, due to they have less budget and not able to apply the latest security technology and update it at regular basis to resolve this issue or face this threat or risk. Grabski, Leech Schmidt (2011) stated that the implementation of cloud based accounting software is often integrated with ERP (Enterprise Resource Planning) systems. ERP systems are complex systems and thus implementing them requires huge efforts but once it is successfully implemented, there are huge benefits that can be derived out of it. Even with the cloud based accounting software, the need of accountants is not getting obsolete. Furthermore, adding to your thoughts on cloud based accounting system, from a legal perspective, one area that may seem challenging to take away from the accounting department, even though there are electronic forms available to collate that information is, accountants ensures an organization has a genuine and transparent balance sheet and as easy as a form can gather that information, accountant need to ensure the data and profitability figures and not buffed up (Grabski, Leech Schmidt, 2011). In addition, Rong, Nguyen Jaatun (2013) stated that cloud-based accounting platform is depended on the internet connectivity to directly record, maintain, store and assess the accounting information, so that poor internet connection is the threat or limitation for the firms to utilize benefits of this technique. In recent times, most of the countries have strong internet infrastructure and many mobile communication companies those provide internet facilities of users that means firms are frequently using the internet to utilize or run cloud-based accounting system. In few years, some technical faults faced by major telecommunication companies in the worldwide that created threats related to assess and utilize the cloud based accounting platform for firms due to not availability of internet and communication services (Rong, Nguyen Jaatun, 2013). Data hacking of these telecommunication service provider companies also created security risks for the firms those utilizes cloud based acc ounting. Research Methodologies and Data Collection Techniques This section is defined the research plan that will be helped the researcher for conducting research in a systematic plan. The proper explanation of the research method will be helped the researcher to achieve aim and objectives in a proper way. So many factors considered by the researcher before select research methods and techniques to ensure the credibility and accuracy of the research outcome (Gras, Suzuki, Guillet Spagnolo, 2008). The research methodology chapter is explained the different research methods or concepts and selected the best technique for this research study. The following research approaches and techniques will be utilized in this study: Research method: Quantitative, qualitative mixed methods (mix of quantitative and qualitative) are the three basic or generally used research concept of the data ort information collection and conduct the dissertation. If the researcher or scholars wanted to collect quality or accurate data then they utilized the quantitative research method, while when they looking quantity (huge amount) of data or information they go to quantitative research method. Quantitative research method is generally applied to evaluate past theory/model/concept by collect huge past data, while qualitative method is utilized to generate new concept or theory by collect fresh or appropriate data (Hollowa, 2005). The mixed research method will be appropriate for this study due to it reduced both methods disadvantages and provide more benefits of the study. In this, the arbitrary mix of qualitative and quantitative method will be utilized to collect past data from secondary collection sources to evaluate the c urrent business/economic problems. Research Approach: Inductive and deductive are two approaches that helped the researchers or scholars to test or examine the research nature. The deductive approach is the way of past theory-testing or past model/theory investigation, while inductive approach is the way of new theory/concept generating or investigating new business problem. The quantitative research nature is related to deductive research approach, while the quantitative research nature is connected with inductive research approach (McNabb, 2010). This research will be applied the inductive research approach due to mixed method also utilized to investigate the current business/economic problem. Research philosophy: Positivism, realism/critical and interpretive are the three ways of people to look the society that considered by the researcher while select the research philosophy. The positivism philosophy is indicated the society or people positive thinking that is applied in the sociology and past theory/model studies. The realism/critical philosophy is indicated the critics view of people or society that is effective to solve the science or reality based problems or studies (Offredy Vickers, 2010). The interpretive philosophy is indicated straightforward view of the society or people that is effective to assess or solve the new concept/problem to generating new theme or theory. In this study, the researcher will be used the interpretive to identify the relationship between the touring sector development and economic growth. Research structure: In this research, the researcher will be utilized the mixed method with inductive approach that indicates secondary data collection sources necessary to collect data and information. The literature review is the way of collect data or information from the secondary sources (articles and scholars) that will be utilized to investigate the research issues (Blaxter, Hughes Tight, 2006). The secondary sources will be used to collect authentic and old both kinds of data or information that will be appropriated to solving current problem. Data Collection Data Analysis: In recent times, the researcher or scholars have been used the several ways of data collection such as questionnaires or surveys; interviews or focus group; observation, literatures or past studies, companies or government official records; case studies; and others. In this paper, the secondary data will be collected through collected information related to the Australian companies those uses cloud-based accounting system. The secondary data will be collected through literature review their critical review of the scholars and articles on the research issues (Blaxter, Hughes Tight, 2006). Gantt Chart: A Gantt chart is a horizontal bar chart this is useful ways of showing every activities (tasks or events) with time duration. A Gantt chart expresses the start and finish dates of the each activity or event and summary each activity of a project. The below horizontal bar chart presents the Gantt chart of this research project: Activities 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 Weeks Introduction Literature Review Methodology Questionnaire Formation Questionnaire Distribution Response Collection Data Analyzed Data Findings Presentation Relating finding of literature with the findings of questionnaire Conclusion Milestones: The above Gantt chart is also showed the milestones of this research project as follow: Weak1: Introduction Week 6: Literature Review Week 7: Research Methodology Questionnaire Formation Week 10: Questionnaire survey Conduct Weak 12: Data analyzed Weak 13: Interrelated literature review questionnaire findings Week 14: Conclusion submission of the research Finding Analysis On the basis of the collected data from secondary sources (literature review or past literatures) presents the finding of the study. The secondary data analysis through used of content analysis method rather used the statistical data analysis technique and then present finding in the form of pie charts and graphs. The below graph indicates the main advantages of cloud-based accounting system that support for the Australian firms todays. The below graph indicates that cloud-based accounting main advantages are easy to access accounting information for users, security or safety, easy to use, improve efficiency, save cost, less paperwork or manual work, customer support/service and others those support for the Australia firms to adopt or apply it (O'Loughlin, 2015). The cloud computing solutions provide small firms and large organizations a degree of scalability, accuracy, reliability, and flexibility that support the businesses. (Source: O'Loughlin, 2015). In addition, the below graph expresses that accounting data loss or leakage, account or service hijacking, technology issues, user interface attacks, abuse of cloud computing by users, insecure, interfaces and APIS, malicious insiders are the major threats related to cloud computing for the Australian firms. Currently these threats are faced by Australian firms those utilized cloud computing accounting that would impact on business. The literature review finding also indicated the most of owners of small business stated that they extremely confident in the security and safety of data hosted in the cloud computing accounting platform (Rong, Nguyen Jaatun, 2013). Australian firm is required to apply the latest security technology and update cloud-based accounting system at regular basis to manage security and safety risks or issues and control the threats related to hacking, cyber fraud, data lose or leakage, interface attacks, and technological issues. (Source: O'Loughlin, 2015) The secondary data analysis finding is presented the main threats and supports for the Australian firms related to development and growth of cloud based accounting system. The finding indicated due to the high or many supports or advantages features, many Australia firms utilized cloud based accounting platform in their business. Many Australian firms are currently utilized the cloud computing based accounting system to save times, reduce cost, enhance accessibility, improve accuracy or transparency, and improve efficiency of the business. Discussion The explanation of the project plan or proposal indicated the some outcomes that will be achieved by the researcher in the final or overall research study. This research proposal expressed that cloud-based accounting platform is supporting the firms through provides several advantages or benefits of the business. This study also concluded that the Australian companies also faced the security, safety and internet related threats regarding the use of cloud-based accounting. Moreover, this study predicted that the cloud-based accounting growth or development is contributed into the growth of corporation through reduce the cost of accounting through maintain, record and store accounting information automatically (Takabi, Joshi Ahn, 2010). This research expressed that the contribution of the cloud-based accounting in the improve profit, accuracy, transparence and efficiency of the businesses. References Blaxter, L., Hughes, C. Tight, M. (2006). How to Research (3rd ed.). USA: McGraw-Hill International. Christauskas, C., Miseviciene, R. (2012). Cloudcomputing based accounting for small to medium sized business. Engineering Economics, 23(1), 14-21. Grabski, S. V., Leech, S. A., Schmidt, P. J. (2011). A review of ERP research: A future agenda for accounting information systems. Journal of information systems, 25(1), 37-78. Gras, R., Suzuki, E., Guillet, F. Spagnolo, F. (2008). Statistical Implicative Analysis: Theory and Applications. Germany: Springer. Hashizume, K., Rosado, D. G., Fernndez-Medina, E., Fernandez, E. B. (2013). An analysis of security issues for cloud computing. Journal of Internet Services and Applications, 4(1), 5. Hollowa, I. (2005). Qualitative Research In Health Care. UK: McGraw-Hill International. Ionescu, B., Ionescu, I., Tudoran, L., Bendovschi, A. (2013). Traditional accounting vs. Cloud accounting. In Proceedings of the 8th International Conference Accounting and Management Information Systmes, AMIS, 106-125. McNabb, D.E. (2010). Research Methods for Political Science: Quantitative and Qualitative Approaches (2nd ed.). New York: M.E. Sharpe. Offredy, M. Vickers, P. (2010). Developing a Healthcare Research Proposal: An Interactive Student Guide. Malaysia: John Wiley Sons. O'Loughlin, E. (2015). Consumer Confidence in Cloud-Based Accounting 2015. Retrieved from: https://www.softwareadvice.com/resources/cloud-based-accounting-confidence/ Rong, C., Nguyen, S. T., Jaatun, M. G. (2013). Beyond lightning: A survey on security challenges in cloud computing. Computers Electrical Engineering, 39(1), 47-54. Takabi, H., Joshi, J. B., Ahn, G. J. (2010). Security and privacy challenges in cloud computing environments. IEEE Security Privacy, 8(6), 24-31.